Gene editing of the proteinase 3 autoantigen as a novel treatment for ANCA-associated vasculitis

Reference Number TO 32-00200

Keywords

anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibody,PR3,hematopoietic stem cells,gene editing,autoimmune disease,rare disease,vasculitis

Invention Novelty

The technology provides a novel approach for treating proteinase 3 (PR3)-specific anti-neutrophil cytoplasm antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV) via an autologous cell therapy. AAV are severe, systemic autoimmune diseases causing inflammation of small blood vessels. Triggered by autoantibodies against PR3 or myeloperoxidase (MPO) on neutrophils and monocytes, it leads to cell overactivation and, if untreated, can cause multi-organ damage and death within months.

Value Proposition

Unlike conventional treatments that suppress the immune system non-specifically and are often associated with disease relapses, this innovative approach precisely targets the molecular disease trigger PR3. The approach deletes the PR3 autoantigen thereby avoiding long-term immunosuppression that is associated with treatment-associated morbidity and mortality. This novel strategy offers a potentially curative alternative aimed at achieving long-term, drug-free remission - particularly valuable for patients with refractory or relapsing disease. The strategy developed by scientists at Charité and the Max Delbrück Center involves ex vivo gene editing of CD34+ hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) of the PR3-AAV patient, which could then be reintroduced to regenerate a neutrophil population devoid of the pathogenic PR3 autoantigen.

Effects of PR3 gene editing in HSPC-derived neutrophils. Source: Jerke et al., Kidney Int. 2025

Technology Description

Human HSPCs were edited using a ribonucleoprotein (RNP) complex composed of Cas9 and a single-guide RNA targeting the PR3 gene. Editing leads to effective elimination of PR3 protein expression in differentiated neutrophils. Experimental results demonstrate that PR3-knockout (PR3KO) HSPCs maintain a normal developmental behavior, and in vitro differentiated neutrophils were not impaired in viability and functionality, including phagocytosis, oxidative burst, degranulation, and constitutive apoptosis. Importantly, PR3KO neutrophils exhibit highly diminished PR3-ANCA binding and show a significantly reduced activation response to PR3-ANCA antibodies, while MPO-ANCA stimulation was not affected.